Central South University, the supporting unit of the Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics for Railway Industry, has a 70-year history in railway education and research. It pioneered the research direction of rail transit aerodynamics in China, created many world-first achievements, and was approved as a national-level innovation team. The university has developed and built a world-leading dynamic model test system for aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed wheel-rail trains at 500 km/h and maglev trains at 600~800 km/h, the gale monitoring, early warning and command system for the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, a wind tunnel for snow accumulation and icing on actual bogies, and a comprehensive test platform group for train passenger compartment environment guarantee. It has established a theoretical, technical and methodological system for the collaborative design of high-speed train shape, structure and flow field, with key aerodynamic indicators leading the world; it has completed the aerodynamic shape design of various types of streamlined trains currently in operation, including China’s first high-speed train; it has undertaken the aerodynamic structural design and evaluation of typical high-speed railway tunnels in China such as Shanghai-Kunming, Lanzhou-Urumqi and Datong-Xi’an High-Speed Railways, enabling trains to pass through long tunnels at 350 km/h without speed reduction. It has established a technical system for train operation safety under gale conditions, completed the aerodynamic design and optimization of the three-dimensional wind protection system for Xinjiang Railways, and the transport capacity of the existing Lanzhou-Urumqi Railway during windy periods has increased by more than 26%. All research achievements have been applied to various high-speed railways such as Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, various types of high-speed trains such as the "Fuxing" series, high-altitude and cold railways such as those in Xinjiang, and foreign high-speed railways such as the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway in Indonesia. It has taken the lead in winning 1 National Science and Technology Progress Award (Innovation Team Award), 1 Second-Class National Technological Invention Award, and 3 Second-Class National Science and Technology Progress Awards; it has participated in winning 4 Special-Class National Science and Technology Progress Awards, 1 First-Class National Science and Technology Progress Award, and 1 First-Class National Technological Invention Award; it has also won 2 China Gold Patent Awards as the leading unit.